Flash burn, sometimes called “welder’s flash” or photokeratitis, is an eye injury caused by intense exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. It is a painful but usually temporary condition that can affect anyone who works with bright light Flash Burn, such as welders, laboratory technicians, or even people exposed to strong sunlight or tanning lamps without proper protection.
What is Flash Burn?
Flash burn occurs when the cornea—the clear, protective layer at the front of the eye—is exposed to excessive UV radiation. This can happen within seconds in extreme cases, leading to a condition similar to a sunburn, but on the surface of the eye. The severity depends on the intensity and duration of the exposure.
Common Causes
- Welding without protective eyewear: The most frequent cause; the bright welding arc emits high levels of UV radiation.
- Sunlight reflection: Snow, water, or sand can reflect UV rays, causing eye injury in outdoor settings.
- Tanning beds: Improper use can lead to corneal burns.
- Phototherapy lamps: Medical or cosmetic lamps used without safety measures can damage the eyes.
Symptoms of Flash Burn
The symptoms often appear a few hours after exposure and may include:
- Severe eye pain or a burning sensation
- Redness and watery eyes
- Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
- Blurred vision or a gritty feeling, as if sand is in the eyes
- Temporary loss of vision in severe cases
While symptoms are usually temporary and resolve within 24–48 hours, proper care is essential to avoid complications.
Treatment and Care
Flash burn generally heals on its own, but treatment focuses on relieving pain and preventing infection:
- Rest: Keep eyes closed and avoid further exposure to bright light.
- Lubricating eye drops: Artificial tears help soothe dryness and irritation.
- Cold compresses: Reduce discomfort and swelling.
- Pain relief: Over-the-counter painkillers may help with discomfort.
- Avoid rubbing eyes: Rubbing can worsen irritation or cause infection.
In severe or persistent cases, an eye specialist may prescribe antibiotic ointments or other treatments.
Prevention Tips
Preventing flash burn is far easier than treating it:
- Wear proper eye protection: Welding helmets, UV-blocking goggles, or sunglasses with adequate UV protection.
- Limit exposure: Avoid staring directly at intense light sources.
- Use protective barriers: Shields and filters can prevent accidental UV exposure.
- Educate on safe practices: Proper training in workplaces and recreational settings can prevent injuries.
Conclusion
Flash burn is a painful but preventable eye condition caused by UV radiation. Whether in industrial, medical, or recreational settings, awareness and protective measures are key to keeping your eyes safe. Prompt care can ensure full recovery, while prevention remains the best approach to avoid unnecessary discomfort and long-term damage.